Which bloodborne pathogens pose the greatest risk to laboratory workers?

The correct answer is based on the understanding of the bloodborne pathogens that are of significant concern in laboratory settings. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) are both well-documented for their potential to cause serious health issues among healthcare workers, including laboratory personnel.

HIV leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which weakens the immune system and makes individuals more susceptible to infections and diseases. Occupational exposure to HIV can result from needlesticks or other injuries involving contaminated blood, making it critical for laboratory workers to follow stringent safety protocols to prevent infection.

Hepatitis B is particularly concerning because it is highly infectious and can survive outside the body for an extended period. Unlike HIV, Hepatitis B can be transmitted through contact with open cuts and mucous membranes, in addition to needlestick injuries. The potential for severe liver disease and chronic health issues from Hepatitis B underscores the importance of vaccination and preventive measures in laboratory environments.

Other options present viral or parasitic diseases that, while they may pose risks, do not rank as highly in terms of prevalence or severity for laboratory workers compared to HIV and Hepatitis B. For example, Hepatitis C is also a significant concern, but it